Auteur Theory Continues to be an Important Part of...

Auteur Theory Continues to be an Important Part of Filmmaking The auteur theory is an idea or principle, which states that the film is a reflection of a director’s creative personal vision, as if to say the he or she is the primary author (which in French, means â€Å"auteur†). This theory first came to be in 1954, by a French film director named Francois Truffaut. The auteur theory’s birth was through the French New Wave, which was a group of new French filmmakers during the 1950’s and 1960’s. In the beginning, the theory received positive and negative responses. And to this day, it will create a heated debate. Many have questioned the theory, because there are usually multiple people involved in the development of a film. Ultimately, a film†¦show more content†¦One was fiction and the other non-fiction, but they both was a piece of art displayed by Spike Lee. When we view these two films from an auteur theory point of view, we are able to capture Spike Lee’s voice. One of the biggest traits you will witness in Spike Lee’s films is the ability to zoom in on a character and talk to the viewer. In Do the Right Thing and Malcolm X, Spike Lee would focus on a particular character, as if to zone out everyone else within the film. In doing so, he was able to get his point across because the viewer had no choice but to take in what was being said and the image remained in the back of our minds. I know for a fact that more than 20 years later, the close-up of those films are still present in mind. This was a unique, personal, and creative vision of Spike Lee. At the same time, Spike Lee had a way of focusing on specific areas or backgrounds within the film. A great example is a scene in Do the Right Thing, where Spike Lee, himself was walking down the sidewalk, delivering a pizza. The point of him delivering the pizza didn’t really mean much. What stood out about the scene is when Spike Lee left the scene and the camera remained. Those seconds of footage displayed a sidewalk with an image, written by kids with chalk. Another great display of Spike Lee’s vision is how he could change scenes in the middle of conversation. A character could be talking to someone, turn away from the person, look in the other direction, and whatShow MoreRelated The Death of the Auteur Essay2920 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"The Death of the Auteur† 2 The concept of ‘author’ is originally derived from the Latin word for authority. From the theoretician’s standpoint, the author carries power over the text only to the extent that the ideas and scenarios within it are originally those of the author. French literary theorist Roland Barthes argues that the function of an author is to provide the semblance of originality and meaning in The Death of the Author. â€Å"Writing is the destruction of every voice, of every originRead MoreThe Studio System Essay14396 Words   |  58 PagesWorld War. A new way to run Hollywood was required. Beginning in 1962, Lew Wasserman of Universal Studios emerged as the key innovator in creating a second studio system. He realized that creating a global media conglomerate was more important than simply being vertically integrated. Gomerys history tells the story of a tale of two systems using primary materials from a score of archives across the United States as well as a close reading of both the business and tradeRead MoreRace Film : The Great And Only Essay10250 Words   |  41 Pagesthe history of Black performance was when stereotypical images went from derisive drawings to photographs (after the mid-1890s) into film footage. The footage consisted of Black people engaged in the perennially American performance of Blackness in part for a White audience but also, as well, for a Black audience (486). In the early 1900s, the only film images of Blacks were degrading depictions that featured White actors in Blackface (such as Mammies, Coons, and White actors speaking in a plantation

The Theory Of Person Centered Counselling Essay - 1502 Words

In this essay, I will show how I have developed as a person, with the aid of regular counselling, process group, regular journalling and triad work within the Person Centered Counselling 1 (PCC1) paper. Using these tools, it has been a very intense, rewarding, painful journey from self-discovery to self-acceptance to self-love and I will share some of that journey. I am going to show how using the core conditions of empathy, unconditional positive regard and congruence regarding myself has enabled me to become more secure. I will also discuss this concept within a Christian spirituality context as well as discussion of cultural issues relating specifically to the Tiriti O Waitangi. The theory of Person Centered Counselling is very simple, the core conditions of empathy, unconditional positive regard and congruence are displayed by the counsellor in the sessions. This has the effect of creating a safe supportive place for the client to explore and heal. Mearnes Thorne (1988) devote chapters to the core conditions, thus underlining their importance. I have found that the actual practice of these core conditions is very hard. As an adult child of alcoholics, I became a master of disguise, consequently being able to find and love myself has been difficult, liberating and life changing. I have taken the Addiction Model of Reparenting from my work with Karen at Familial Trust, using it in a person-centred way and now recognise that I have many ‘wounded children’ withinShow MoreRelatedPerson Centered Counselling Theories2483 Words   |  10 PagesCASE STUDY â€Å"Joel is a 36 year old man who has come to counselling because he feels unhappy and unsatisfied in his life. Joel’s mother died when he was 12 and Joel grew up with his Father, who he describes as a good man, who worked hard to support his son, but struggled with anger and alcohol issues and was never able to fully recover from the death of Joel’s mother. Joel felt that his father was distant and so caught up in his own grief that he was never able to love Joel. Joel describes himselfRead MoreThe Profession Of Counselling Psychology1582 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The profession of counselling psychology has developed hugely during the past decade, this paper aims to provide a concise and general exploration of the nature of counselling psychology, it’s development history, where it stands among other traditional approaches, and how disciplines of psychology is linked with a range of models of psychotherapy. In 1982 counselling psychology started developing as a section within the British Psychological Society, and in 1994 it was then recognizedRead MoreTheory Of Counseling And The Therapy Process997 Words   |  4 Pages Theories of counseling are basic tools used in the therapy process. An interesting component of these tools is the person-centered therapy. The person-centered theory was founded by Carl Rogers on the belief there is good in all human beings. Rogers s person-centered therapy is among the most influential and widely employed techniques in modern U.S. clinical psychology (Grant, 2015). Rogers believed with caring nurturing care the client could work out their issues. Additionally person-centeredRead MoreUnderstand Different Approaches to the Use of Counselling Skills1546 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstand Different Approaches to the use of Counselling Skills Introduction I am writing about the different approaches used in counselling skills such as Humanistic Approach and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Approach. I will be discussing the key concepts in each approach and contrast both approaches. While Maslow was more of a theorist, Carl Rogers was more of a therapist. His professional goal was more on helping people change and improve their lives. He was a true follower ofRead MorePerson Centered Therapy1685 Words   |  7 Pagesassignment is on Person centered therapy. Write in 3 equal parts the following: Briefly describe the key concepts. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of this therapy. How do you feel about the approach of this therapy? Answer: Psychotherapy Networker conducted a survey in 2006 (as cited in Corey, 2009) identifying Carl Rogers as the single most influential psychotherapist of the past quarter century. Using humanistic psychological concepts, Rogers formulated a person-centered approach to therapyRead Moremodels and approaches relate to client need, therapeutic context and aims and objectives of the therapy.1106 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Through analysis and evaluation of models and approaches within counselling and psychotherapy therapeutic delivery, explain how models and approaches relate to client need, therapeutic context and aims and objectives of the therapy. Psychotherapists will be educated in various different models and whether they are approaching a client through the concept of observing external behaviours, the Behaviourist approach for example in which a therapist will look to condition new behaviours, or throughRead MoreMy Journey as a Psychotherapist4426 Words   |  18 Pagesbring to the counselling process† 4500 words ‘Personal growth and creativity are synonymous in the life of a therapist. The very process of therapy involves the elucidation and creation of different patterns of meaning’ (Hobson 1985) Examining my personal journey towards becoming a counsellor is part of understanding my personal contribution to the therapeutic process. Through understanding my own journey I have selected theories that inform my own personal approach to counselling. In my experienceRead MoreEgan stage 11020 Words   |  5 Pagesthe individual is afraid†. Congruence This is when the counsellor is being genuine and open with the client and able to disclose what he/she is really thinking and feeling in an honest way. This allows the client to see the counsellor as a real person and can enable the client to feel safe enabling them to be more honest with the counsellor, and more likely to grow in a positive way. Egan 1986 (resource material COSCA 2011) â€Å"genuine people being at home with themselves in all their interactionsRead MorePerson Centred Counselling3049 Words   |  13 PagesThe Use of Person Centred Counselling in Guidance and Counselling Practice in Schools I think that it is accurate to say that the first wave of guidance counsellors who received their counselling training in Ireland did so based largely on the theory and philosophy of counselling formulated by Carl Ransom Rogers (1902 - 1987), considered, by many, to be the most influential psychologist in American history. A leader in the humanistic psychology movement of the 1960s through the 1980s: moreRead MoreThree Theoretical Approaches to Conselling2755 Words   |  11 Pages This essay will compare and contrast three theoretical approaches to counselling – psychoanalysis, person-centered therapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). Underlying assumptions Psychoanalysis assumes behaviours we display when we are adults are rooted in our childhood experiences and CBT assumes behaviour as a learned response. Psychoanalysis links childhood event and associated feelings to current problems which is similar to CBT where many of client’s schemas were created when he was

Importance of Statistics Free Essays

IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICS In today’s world we are faced with situations everyday where statistics can be applied. Statistics can be used to determine the potential outcome of thousands of things where the human mind alone wouldn’t be able to. Statistics benefits all of us because we are able to predict the future based on data we have previously gathered. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Statistics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being able to predict the future not only changes our lifestyle but also helps us be more efficient and effective. Statistics is the science of collection, analysis, and presentation of data. Statisticians contribute to scientific enquiry by applying their knowledge to the design of surveys and experiments; the collection, processing, and analysis of data; and the interpretation of the results. Statisticians may apply their knowledge of statistical methods to a variety of subject areas, such as biology, economics, engineering, medicine, public health, psychology, marketing, education, and sports. Many economic, social, political, and military decisions cannot be made without statistical techniques, such as the design of experiments to gain federal approval of a newly manufactured drug. Statisticians provide crucial guidance in determining what information is reliable and which predictions can be trusted. They often help search for clues to the solution of a scientific mystery and sometimes keep investigators from being misled by false impressions Why do we need to study statistics? There are five major reasons to study statistics: * The first reason is to be able to effectively conduct research. Without the use of statistics it would be very difficult to make decisions based on the data collected from a research project. For example, in the study cited in Chapter One, is the difference in recorded absenteeism between psychiatric and obstetrics nurses large enough to conclude that there is meaningful difference in absenteeism between the two units? There are two possibilities: The first possibility is that the difference between the two groups is a result of chance factors. In reality, the two jobs have approximately the same amount of absenteeism. The second possibility is that there is a real difference between the two units with the psychiatric unit being more nurses missing work. Without statistics we have no way of making an educated decision between the two possibilities. Statistics, however, provides us with a tool to make an educated decision. We will be able to decide which of the two possibilities is more likely to be true. We will base this decision on our knowledge of probability and inferential statistics. A second point about research should be made. It is extremely important for a researcher to know what statistics they want to use before they collect their data. Otherwise data might be collected that is uninterruptable. Unfortunately, when this happens it results in a loss of data, time, and money. Now many a student may by saying to themselves: â€Å"But I never plan on doing any research. † While you may never plan to be involved in research, it may find its way into your life. Certainly, it you decide to continue your education and work on a masters or doctoral degree, involvement in research will result from that decision. Secondly, more and more work places are conducting internal research or are becoming part of broader research studies. Thus, you may find yourself assigned to one of these studies. Finally, many classes on the undergraduate level may require you to conduct research (for example, a research methods or experimental psychology course). In each of these instances, a knowledge of measurements and statistics will be invaluable. * The second reason to study statistics is to be able to read journals. Most technical journals you will read contain some form of statistics. Usually, you will find them in something called the results section. Without an understanding of statistics, the information contained in this section will be meaningless. An understanding of basic statistics will provide you with the fundamental skills necessary to read and evaluate most results sections. The ability to extract meaning from journal articles and the ability to critically evaluate research from a statistical perspective are fundamental skills that will enhance your knowledge and understanding in related coursework. * The third reason is to further develop critical and analytic thinking skills. Most students completing high school and introductory undergraduate coursework have at their disposal a variety of critical thinking and analytic skills. The study of statistics will serve to enhance and further develop these skills. To do well in statistics one must develop and use formal logical thinking abilities that are both high level and creative. * The fourth reason to study statistics is to be an informed consumer. Like any other tool, statistics can be used or misused. Yes, it is true that some individuals do actively lie and mislead with statistics. More often, however, well meaning individuals unintentionally report erroneous statistical conclusions. If you know some of the basic statistical concepts, you will be in a better position to evaluate the information you have been given. The fifth reason to have a working knowledge of statistics is to know when you need to hire a statistician. Most of us know enough about our cars to know when to take it into the shop. Usually, we don’t attempt the repair ourselves because we don’t want to cause any irreparable damage. Also, we try to know enough to be able to carr y on an intelligible conversation with the mechanic (or we take someone with us who can) to insure that we don’t get a whole new engine (big bucks) when all we need is a new fuel filter (a few bucks). We should be the same way about hiring a statistician. Conducting research is time consuming and expensive. If you are in over your statistical head, it does not make sense to risk an entire project by attempting to compute the data analyses yourself. It is very east to compute incomplete or inappropriate statistical analysis of one’s data. As with the mechanic discussed above, it is also important to have enough statistical savvy to be able to discuss your project and the data analyses you want computed with the statistician you hire. In other words, you want to be able to make sure that your statistician is on the right track. To summarize, the five reasons to study statistics are to be able to effectively conduct research, to be able to read and evaluate journal articles, to further develop critical thinking and analytic skills, to act as an informed consumer, and to know when you need to hire outside statistical help. How statistics are used in business areas Statistics clearly has real world applications in all of the subjects you list. * Accounting – Random sampling is frequently used by accounting firms when accounts (like travel expenses) are relatively small and inconsequential. You can use a random sample to estimate the quality of the whole population of accounts. * Finance – Trend analysis and correlation are common when making economic forecasts. * Management – Sampling of opinion polls and data pertaining to personnel. These are often summarized with estimates of errors. * Marketing – Customer surveys, correlations between advertising outlays and increased revenues. Estimates of market sizes use sampling. Product quality is also a rich field for statistical analysis. Any time you want a quick answer, you can get a good estimate by using statistical sampling. For example, a stratified random sample of accounts can be used instead of an exact calculation when you have paper sales orders (or pending sales orders) that are not entered into the computer. Make sure to count all the big ones, and you can estimate the small ones. On the other hand following ways, statistics can be possible to use in the business area. In general a typical organization has three levels: Strategic, Managerial and Oper- ational. This classi? cation is somewhat general and arbitrary. However, this can help identify and emphasize di? rent tools to be directed at the di? erent levels. We envision Statistics to play important roles at all these levels. Strategic Level (Top of an Organization) At the strategic level the most emphasis should be on Statistical thinking which Have the following components: * Notion of a Process, * Notion of measurement and data based decisions, * Understanding and dealing with variation, * Statistical tools, and * Systematic approach. The notion of process thinking is fundamental to any organizational change. Every action has some inputs and outputs which need to be identi? d in every context. Decisions at the strategic level should be based on facts supported by appropriate data and this requires an understanding of variation (Deming 1986). Business and Industry have seen the arrival and demise of many programs such as Total Quality Management. Embracing any program that comes along without ? rm commitment and understanding is doomed to failure. Managerial Level (Middle Level) This is the level at which systems are devised for implementation of the directions taken by upper management. In particular, systems for robust product and pro- cess design, process control and improvement, and training are the responsibility of middle management. Understanding of some statistical tools and statistical thinking are prerequisites for those who are designing these systems. Operational Level At this level the methods are implemented through the system built at the mana- gerial level. Understanding of statistical tools such as control charting, capability analysis, design of experiments, measurement system analysis, regression analysis etc are essential. Appropriate statistical tools need to be used by operational peo- ple as part of their daily work. People in some areas need to know the details only of certain statistical tools. For instance, an operator responsible for maintaining stability of a process by charting should know the workings of a control chart but need not know a lot about design of experiments. On the other hand an engineer responsible for process improvement should be knowledgeable in several aspects of statistical process control and design of experiments. How entrepreneur minimizes the business risk By using following tools, am entrepreneur can minimize the business risk. Those are: * Business forecasting * Risk return analysis in portfolio and project management * Probability concept in manufacturing area and others Statistics are used all over the world. They can be applied in almost any situation and can always help. They are used in explaining group behavior of organisms, marketing research, and the list goes on and on. A good example is how scientists observe the behavior of groups of animals. Scientists can record data from a group of elephants and determine that a certain percentage of elephant herds will defend themselves from predators while the other percentage may run away. This kind of data can help scientists predict the elephant’s lifestyle and culture. Statistics affects our daily life every day. Researchers use statistics to advertise their products which in turn we the consumer purchase. The price of the products we buy are determined upon statistics which show the demand for the product at that point in time and because of these statistics, we the consumers pay a certain amount of money to buy the product. Another example of how statistics affect me is in school. Every year statistics are looked over and the curriculums for the classes I take are based on data collected in the past. The curriculums are modified and help the learning process. In conclusion, statistics are a major staple of our world today. They are used in practically any situation and help improve our overall lifestyle. Statistics change the way we think about tomorrow and the way we live today and without them. How to cite Importance of Statistics, Essay examples

Picture Narrative

Question: Describe aboutBased on your initial response to something about the image, choose a photograph from one of your photo albums or from one of your family albums. Interview a family member about the history of its production (e.g., what was the occasion, where did it take place, is there a backstory) and develop a narrative based on this information. Has your research modified your appreciation of what the photograph represents? Now the story is about me the young on in the right side. I want to provide info that the suit makes me rich and living in wealthy life and how my brother also have a custom made "Thope" , as in the back days we were really poor, my dad use to work 2 jobs everyday.This picture was taken when I was 4 just has entered the kinda garden school and my brother was 6 just entered school. We never thought about poverty and how hard was it for dad to bring food and clothes to and we rarely seen him.? Answer: In the narration, I am going to talk about my life as a youth and the nature in which we are nowadays. The picture shows two people in their early ages of life who are innocent and still ignorant of many things. In my youthful time, the existence was so unique, and everything that was around was exciting. The picture illustrates the life I used to live with my brother. Looking innocent, I was thrilled and moved by the many instances that my and I brother interacted freely with the environment. The picture ironically illustrates the richness of us and the entire family. The suits I wore and the custom Thope my brother wore display that we were living a wealthy life. Sincerely speaking, we were brought up in a poor background. In order to earn a living, my father had to work extra hard so as to meet our daily bread. He used to undertake two jobs so as to ensure that we lived each passing day. On many occasions, we could not see him as he traversed the region looking for better employment for our sake. Employment at that time was rare. He therefore searched to work on the land of rich people to either plough, work on the farm as a samba boy or take care of livestock. Irrespective of the condition, he used to encourage us to work hard in education even if we were still in early years of school. I was four years at that time, and I was at kinder garden. My brother was six years and was at grade one. From the picture, one can assert that the truth is far from reality. The fact that we were looking smart and charming is not a dawning reality since we were living in a despicable condition. The family income was solely from the hand to mouth. It implies that there was nothing done except to look for food to allow us see the next day. God is such amazing God; there is no single day that we went with no food. Looking at the background of the picture, the surrounding environment is mountainous with now snow. Additionally, the area is engulfed by a desert. The desert is the true attestation of the situation that our parents lived up for each day. The adaptation features of how to survive each passing day were clear in their minds-to strive for better tomorrow through education. It is the reason why we were encouraged to work hard even in the lower classes. They knew that tomorrow will never take care of itself as is asserted by many philosophers since the phrase was far from the reality in the desert. In learning and living from the difficult situations, we strived with school life. During early school years, my brother got scared of cars the moment when the school bus crashed head-on into another vehicle. Since that moment, he is very scared of any vehicle even to board. Irrespective of these, he was encouraged and cheered up by our mother. My brother was a mummys boy. He was so immersed in her to the point that he never carried on in that day well without her good farewell in the morning. The situation compelled our Dad to remember us every moment he was not at home, and this made him come home more often despite the struggle so as the make us feel his presence and not phobia. As the days went by, my endeavors in education continued to be very encouraging, and my parents became thrilled and happy. Life with education is very good. Education is a transforming machinery. Immediately I reached the highest grade, and I was able to lay and plan strategies for doing business. Education permitted advicing my parents on the best ways of doing business by making good use of the opportunities that were not explored in the area. My father took heed of my advices and begun to save money little by little. As we speak now, my father owns a retail shop. The shop is the only retail shop in the area. Life now is very good, and we are no longer languishing in poverty as we used to, and our father is no longer searching for employment. We have a happy family and our parent gets to have best times together and as well the entire family. We are now feeling the presence of Dad in the home, and fatherly love is never a compromise. References Berman, R. A., Slobin, D. I. (Eds.). (2013). Relating events in narrative: A crosslinguistic developmental study. Psychology Press. Chatman, S. B. (1980). Story and discourse: Narrative structure in fiction and film. Cornell University Press. Gillam, R. B., Pearson, N. A. (2004). Test of Narrative Language: Examiner's Manual. Pro ed. Karkov, C. E. (2001). Text and picture in Anglo-Saxon England: narrative strategies in the Junius 11 manuscript (Vol. 31). Cambridge University Press. Nodelman, P. (1988). Words about pictures: The narrative art of children's picture books. University of Georgia Press. Paris, A. H., Paris, S. G. (2001). Children's Comprehension of Narrative Picture Books. CIERA Report.